MEDICAL AND SCIENTIFIC TERMS

Anaphylaxis - occurs when an allergic response triggers a quick release from mast cells of large quantities of immunological mediators, leading to systemic vasodilation and edema of bronchial mucosa - can lead to death in a matter of minutes if left untreated.  An estimated 1.24% to 16.8% of the population is considered "at risk" for having an anaphylactic reaction if they are exposed to one or more allergens, especially penicillin and insect stings.

Acne Rosacea - a chronic skin condition involving inflammation and enlargement of the blood vessels. It may appear as redness, prominent spider-like blood vessels, swelling, or skin eruptions similar to acne.

Acne Vulgaris - a skin disease, caused by changes in the pilosebaceous units (skin structures consisting of a hair follicle and its associated sebaceous gland). Severe acne is inflammatory, but acne can also manifest in non-inflammatory forms.

Atopic Dermatitis - A skin disease characterized by areas of severe itching, redness, scaling, and loss of the surface of the skin (excoriation). When the rash has been present for a prolonged time,chronic changes occur due to the constant scratching and rubbing known as lichenification (thickening of the skin with accentuation of the skin lines to form a crisscross pattern). Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.

Cytokinin -any of a number of plant growth substances that are usually derived from adenine. Synthesized in roots, cytokinins move upward in the xylem and pass into the leaves and fruits, where they are required for normal growth and cell differentiation.

Eczema - a chronic skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes - a form of dermatitis, or inflammation of the upper layers of the skin.  Eczema is also called atopic dermatitis.

Erectile Dysfunction (ED) -  a sexual dysfunction characterized by the inability to develop or maintain an erection of the penis. There are various underlying causes, such as cardiovascular leakage, diabetes or nerve trauma from prostatectomy surgery.

Erythema - redness of the skin caused by capillary congestion.

Glioblastoma - the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor, accounting for 52% of all primary brain tumor cases and 20% of all intracranial tumors.

Invicorp^® - is a highly safe and effective treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), a condition that affects more than 100 million men worldwide. Invicorp^®, a combination of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and phentolamine mesylate (PMS), has shown excellent results in a wide range of patients, many of whom have failed on other therapies. 

Kinerase^®  based on Senetek’s Kinetin technology, the best selling anti-aging treatment in the North American physician market, effectively treats photodamaged skin without the irritation of retinoids or AHA’s.

Kinetin (N6-furfurylandenine), Senetek's patented skincare ingredient, is an essential plant growth factor that retards senescence of plants and delays age-related changes in cultured human skin cells. Kinetin products have been successfully tested at the Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, showing good-to-excellent results in reversing the signs of photodamaged skin, and promoting the appearance of healthy looking skin. In clinical trials, Kinetin demonstrated improvement in the reduction of fine lines and wrinkles and mottled hyperpigmentation without the irritation and photosensitivity associated with the use of retinoids and alpha-hydroxy acids(AHA’s).

Phentolamine Mesylate (PMS) -  a reversible nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. Its primary action is vasodilation. When given by injection it causes blood vessels to expand, thereby increasing blood flow. 

Photoaging / Photodamage - Changes that occur to the skin due to exposure to the sun. Early sun damage is not evident on the skin’s surface but later, as a person ages, visible photodamage will appear as wrinkles, age spots, and fine lines. Age spots are also referred to as sun spots, liver spots, freckles, and hyperpigmentation.

Psoriasis - a common skin condition that causes skin redness and irritation. Often appears as thick, red skin with flaky, silver-white patches called scales.  Skin cells grow deep in the skin and normally rise to the surface about once a month. In people  with psoriasis, this process is accelerated  and dead skin cells build up on the skin's surface.

Pyratine-6™ - Senetek’s second generation cytokinin clinically tested and developed for the treatment of photodamaged skin, acne lesions, and erythema.  Based on positive results demonstrated in clinical evaluations, Senetek has initiated clinical trials of Pyratine-6™ for the treatment of acne rosacea. 

Reliaject^® - Senetek developed and patented Reliaject^®, a unique auto-injector which employs an ultra-fine gauge needle preset to achieve the appropriate penetration before drug flow occurs, thereby reducing reliance on the patient’s technique for accuracy and safe delivery. Reliaject^® can be adapted for self-administration of a broad range of parenteral drugs.  

RNA interference technology (RNAi) - is a mechanism that inhibits gene expression by causing the degradation of specific RNA molecules or hindering the transcription of specific genes. RNAi targets include RNA from viruses and transposons, also plays a role in regulating development and genome maintenance.

Senescence - refers to the biological processes of a living organism as it ages.

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) - is a 28-amino acid peptide structurally related to secretin. It was originally isolated from intestinal extracts and shown to be a potent vasodilator. Subsequent work demonstrated that VIP is very widely distributed in the peripheral and central nervous systems.

Wound healing, or wound repair, is the body's natural process of regenerating dermal and epidermal tissue. When an individual is wounded, a set of complex biochemical events takes place to repair the damage including angiogenisis, collagen deposition, and granulation tissue formation.  This process is complex and susceptible to interruption or failure leading to the formation of chronic non-healing wounds. Factors which may contribute to this include diabetes, venous or arterial disease, old age, and infection.

Xerosis - an abnormal dryness of the skin.